The Graph
Submit a BugProgram Overview
The Graph is an indexing protocol for querying networks like Ethereum and IPFS. It is a decentralized network comprised of multiple stakeholders incentivized to build and offer an efficient and reliable open data marketplace, through GraphQL-based APIs.
The Graph learns what and how to index Blockchain data based on subgraph descriptions, known as the subgraph manifest. The subgraph description defines the smart contracts of interest for a subgraph, the events in those contracts to pay attention to, and how to map data to data that The Graph will index and store in its decentralized network, to be served by Indexers. Indexers are network participants responsible for running their own infrastructure capable of indexing subgraphs and subsequently serve such data.
The network is fully permissionless, meaning that every stakeholder can design, implement and deploy subgraphs, with Indexers choosing which subgraphs to index based on a number of factors such as Curators’ interest (signaling high-quality ones which may result in high query volume). Delegators are another key network participant in this open data economy, who delegate their stake towards Indexers, receiving, in turn, a portion of both network rewards and fees from subsequently served queries. Like Delegators, Curators also receive a portion of the query fees, when staking their own GRT in a subgraph’s bounding curve (signaling).
For more information about The Graph, please visit their website at https://thegraph.com/.
The bug bounty program, managed and funded by The Graph Foundation, is focused on the prevention of negative impacts to the whole ecosystem, such as:
- Loss of User Funds
- Exposure of private information (keys, PII)
- Determinism bugs that could lead to incorrect or inconsistent query results by - Indexers in the network
- Vulnerabilities in the Indexer software (eg. Graph Node, Indexer CLI) that could result in the Indexer being slashed or not running effectively
- Vulnerabilities that could degrade the indexing or querying service
- Bugs that could facilitate Sybil attacks
However, bugs that are known from currently unpublished third-party audits, which will be publicly published by September 15, 2021, are not considered as in-scope of the bug bounty program, as well as other things listed as out-of-scope in the relevant section below. Bug bounty hunters submit bug reports at their own risk of being rejected as a known issue.
Rewards by Threat Level
Rewards are distributed according to the impact of the vulnerability based on the Immunefi Vulnerability Severity Classification System. This is a simplified 5-level scale, with separate scales for websites/apps and smart contracts/blockchains, encompassing everything from the consequence of exploitation to privilege required to the likelihood of a successful exploit.
Rewards for critical vulnerabilities are capped at 10% of economic damage, primarily focusing on the possible loss of funds for Indexers, Delegators, and Curators at Smart Contract level only, but also taking into consideration other aspects such as branding and PR, at the discretion of The Graph Foundation.
In order to qualify for a reward, bug bounty hunters will need to provide KYC through https://register.thegraph.com. Additionally, all bug reports must come with log components, reproduction, and data about vulnerabilities to support learnings and bug fixes. This can be satisfied by providing relevant screenshots, docs, code, and steps to reproduce the issue.
Payouts are handled by The Graph Foundation and are denominated in USD. All payouts are done in GRT.
Smart Contracts and Blockchain
| Level | Payout |
|---|---|
| Critical | Up to USD $2,500,000 |
| High | USD $200,000 |
| Medium | USD $20,000 |
| Low | USD $5,000 |
| None | $0 |
Assets in Scope
Impacts in Scope
Only the following impacts are accepted within this bug bounty program. All other impacts are not considered as in-scope, even if they affect something in the assets in the scope table.
Applicable to all assets in scope
- A bug in a smart contract, gateway, or the default Indexer software that could result in funds being lost (not including slashing)
- A bug that could cause incorrect payouts of query fees or indexing rewards
- An economic attack that could result in Indexers, Curators or Delegators losing a significant amount of funds or being exploited
- A bug that could cause network participants to be impersonated and unwanted actions being taken (eg. funds being transferred)
- A bug in a smart contract or the default Indexer software that could result in private information being stolen
- A bug that allows remote code execution resulting in private information being stolen
- A bug that could make it difficult or impossible to run an Indexer effectively
- A bug that could halt or delay an Indexer’s ability to process a query or receive payments
- A bug in a smart contract or the default Indexer software that could result in a “halt" or an impact on liveness
- A bug whereby an attacker does not pay sufficient GRT fees for the load they exert on the network
- A vulnerability that could cause two or more Indexers to provide different results for the same query when the approved code is run
- A vulnerability that could cause inaccurate query data to be served
- A bug that could cause the service functionality, throughput, or utility to be degraded but not disabled
- A griefing attack on the services provided or network participants
- A bug that could encourage or incentivize sybil attacking or impersonating users
Applicable to graph-node only
- A bug that could lead to non-deterministic syncing of subgraph data
Impacts and Vulnerabilities Not in Scope
There are several known potential exploits on Ethereum and The Graph infrastructure. Bounty hunters will not be rewarded for reporting these:
- Frontrunning, including backrunning and sandwich attacks
- Bugs already identified in external third-party audits
- These audits will be publicly published by September 15, 2021. Until then, bug reports may be rejected if the vulnerability is determined by The Graph Foundation to be a known issue. The Graph Foundation will, however, inform the bug reporter within 72 hours of escalation that the bug report is a known issue.
- Natural network activity like curation whose involved mechanisms could result in unprofitable actions for the particular stakeholder
Additionally, all of the following vulnerabilities and bug report types are not considered as in-scope in this bug bounty program:
- Attacks that the reporter has already exploited themselves, leading to damage
- Attacks that rely on social engineering
- Attacks requiring access to leaked keys/credentials
- Incorrect data supplied by third party oracles
- Not to exclude oracle manipulation/flash loan attacks
- Basic economic governance attacks (e.g. 51% attack)
- Lack of liquidity
- Best practice critiques
- Sybil attacks
Rules and Requirements
All bounty hunters must abide by rules when reporting bugs to be eligible for rewards. We appreciate your cooperation.
Report Responsibly
Report vulnerabilities to The Graph first by submitting a bug report on Immunefi, to mitigate attacks and in the best interest of the network’s safety. Give reasonable time for The Graph to fix the bug before sharing publicly.
Don't Exploit Reported Bugs
Do not exploit bugs in the code to gain an advantage or conduct malicious activity in the network. No hacking or social engineering of other network users.
Don’t Violate Privacy
Do not violate the privacy of network users, other bounty hunters, or The Graph.
Don’t Attack or Defraud The Graph
Do not attack The Graph team, operations, or technology (eg. DDOS attack, spam, social engineering) or defraud The Graph team or network users.
Please also note reporting requirements:
Bugs will only be rewarded once for successful reporting and confirmation of fix to the first person to report the bug.
Vulnerabilities must be reproducible by The Graph team (please include all relevant links, docs, and code)
Single vulnerabilities can be submitted per form, multiple submissions for the same vulnerability will not be counted
Bounty hunters can submit multiple bug reports
Public disclosure of the vulnerability prior to resolution may cancel a pending reward. We reserve the right to disqualify individuals from the program for disrespectful or disruptive behavior.
The Graph and affiliates will not negotiate in response to duress or threats (e.g., we will not negotiate the payout amount under threat of withholding the vulnerability or threat of releasing the vulnerability or any exposed data to the public).